Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous

About Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous

Calcium phosphate (CaP) is the common name of a family of minerals containing calcium cations (Ca2+) together with orthophosphate (PO₄³⁻), metaphosphate (PO³⁻), or pyrophosphate (P₂O₇⁴⁻) anions, and sometimes hydrogen (H⁺) or hydroxide (OH⁻) ions. CaP is the principal form of calcium found in bovine milk and blood. It is the major inorganic constituent of bone (~60 wt % of bone), and the main constituent of tooth enamel (ca. 90%). Calcium phosphates with a Ca/P atomic ratio between 1.5 and 1.67 are called apatites (e.g., hydroxyapatite or fluorapatite).

Calcium phosphate (CaP) bioceramics are widely used in the field of bone regeneration, both in orthopedics and in dentistry, due to their good biocompatibility, osseointegration and osteoconduction.

Calcium phosphates are commonly used in medical applications in the form of cements, coatings, scaffolds, and paste.

Individual calcium phosphate phases like dibasic calcium phosphate anhydrous are the major members of the CaP family that are of interest to biomedical applications.

Dibasic calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA, Monetite)

The second acidity of phosphoric acid corresponds to a weak acid. The neutralization of two acidities of phosphoric acid with calcium hydroxide leads to dicalcium phosphates. Two crystalline forms exist: DCPD (also called Brushite by mineralogists) and DCPA (also called Monetite). DCPA is the anhydrous form of DCPD. It is less soluble than DCPD due to the absence of water inclusions. DCPA, like DCPD, can be crystallized from aqueous solutions, but at 100 ◦C. Unlike DCPD, DCPA occurs in neither normal nor pathological calcifications. It is used in calcium phosphate cements, sources of calcium and phosphate in nutritional supplements such as breakfast cereals, and toothpaste components.